Heat Pump Systems
Heat pump systems are slowly becoming a popular alternative to air conditioning nowadays. There are two major types of systems available, namely compression and absorption heat pumps. Compression pumps work by depending on mechanical energy, usually in the form of electricity to jump-start the system. Absorption heat pumps operate by processing heat from either fuel or electricity.
Heat pump systems may differ when it comes to the source of energy used to run the system. One can choose between air-source heat pumps and ground-source or geothermal heat pumps. There are two sub-categories under air-source heat pumps, namely air to air, and air to water pumps. The air to air type works by garnering heat from air, and transferring this heat to air inside the heat pump system. On the other hand, the air to water type transfers the heated air to a tank of water..
Geothermal heat pumps are able to garner heat from a variety of sources such as ground, water, and rock. This versatility allows one to choose which geothermal heat pump is perfect for a certain kind of environment. An indoor swimming pool, for example, would be cooled or heated more easily by a geothermal water to air heat pump system. Structures with rocky exteriors, on the other hand would benefit most with geothermal rock to air heat pumps.
Air source heat pump systems are the most widely used. The popularity of air source heat pumps owes to the fact that it can be easily installed and are less expensive than their ground source counterparts. The only disadvantage of the air source type lies in its dependence on air as a heat source. Air source heat pumps are unable to operate in freezing climates, which greatly reduces the heat pumps’ efficiency. This problem has been resolved by ground source heat pump systems, which garner heat from the ground instead of the air. The ground maintains a more stable base temperature all year round, as compared to air which can easily fluctuate during climate change. However, ground source heat pumps tend to be more expensive, due to its demanding installation procedure. Installation of ground source heat pumps include digging trenches or wells in order to accommodate pipes which contain the heat exchange fluid.
A new type of heat pump system is slowly gaining acclaim. Solid state heat pump systems take advantage of the discovery made by German physicist Emil Warburg regarding magnetic fields. Warbug found out that subjecting iron to a strong magnetic environment increases the iron’s temperature. As a result, the modern concept of solid state heat pumps developed, with powdered gadolinium used instead of iron. Subjecting this material to a strong magnetic field results in the production of heat, which is processed by a circulating fluid. Once the material is removed from the magnetic field, the temperature drops, facilitating effective air conditioning. The major advantage of solid state heat pumps over the competition lies in the fact that it uses so little energy for operation, making it the most efficient among all the heat pump systems.
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Ductless Heat Pump
Traditional heating or cooling systems have become obsolete nowadays with the advent of the ductless heat pump. Wall heaters, centralized air conditioning, and other types of heating or cooling systems offer less features, operate less efficiently, and are harder to install than the ductless heat pump. Heat pumps have been used for more than twenty years, but used to be not so popular due to the high expense involved when it comes to acquisition and installation.
Nowadays, however, many companies manufacture heat pumps, especially the ductless type, and this has contributed to the lowering of prices, and increased popularity among consumers. Air processed by ductless heat pumps are applied directly to a housing structure, and not processed through duct work. Duct work is responsible for a whopping fifteen to twenty percent loss in energy efficiency. Ductless heat pumps utilize the breakthrough inverter technology, which avoid on and off cycling by depending on consistent speed compression. The inverter technology is effective during all climates except when it’s freezing.
Ductless heat pumps are able to regulate air in a certain zone. This means that several heat pumps can be installed in a single housing structure, allowing for custom temperature control in different areas. Heat pumps are usually installed high on walls, or can be inserted along the ceiling. A short duct can connect multiple rooms to a single ductless heat pump. Ductless heat pumps used to process the same refrigerants as traditional air conditioning systems. Nowadays, with the development of R-410a as more environment-friendly refrigerant, ductless heat pumps gain a winning edge against traditional air conditioning systems. A silent fan facilitates air distribution throughout a certain zone. Temperature can easily be moderated by hand-held remote controls.
There are many possible applications for a ductless heat pump. It can be used as a more efficient replacement for traditional cooling or heating systems such as electric heaters and wood stoves. A single ductless heat pump can service an entire housing structure, as long as it’s properly installed and moderated. Another application for heat pumps involve hassle-free room addition. When new rooms are added to a house, there’s no need to add duct work – additional heat pumps can be installed, or existing heat pumps adjusted to have an effect on the new room’s temperature. Newly-constructed houses can also take advantage of the ductless heat pump’s portability, eliminating the need to install refrigerant lines or duct work. However, for greater area of effect, a ductless heat pump can utilize existing refrigerant lines.
When it comes to installation of ductless heat pumps, one must choose between utilizing a multi-zone setup or single-zone setup. Multi-zone setups involve a single external compressor unit directing air to multiple internal units. The disadvantage with this setup is that it more or less requires the use of refrigerant lines running from the single external compressor unit. The single-setup, on the other hand, utilizes two or more compressor units, resulting in increased temperature moderation and eliminates the need to use refrigerant lines.
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Ductless Mini-Split Heat Pumps
Looking for quality air-conditioning without the unsightly obstructions of duct work? Going beyond your budget because of a high energy-consuming heating system? Sometimes, air conditioners provide more hassle than comfort. Air conditioners have many flaws. Old air conditioners, for example, tend to operate noisily. Defective duct work can drip water on unsuspecting passerby. Air conditioners are also notorious because of the high energy they consume. Chances are, operating an air conditioner at maximum power on a daily basis can easily double one’s energy bill.
Ductless mini-split heat pumps are popular not only for their portability, but also for their dual function as efficient room heater or cooler. As compared to traditional heat pumps and various types of air conditioners, ductless mini-split heat pumps offer less cost when it comes to energy consumption. This nifty equipment can provide central air conditioning to any type of structure.
How do ductless mini-split heat pumps work? First, one must have a working knowledge on how traditional heat pumps operate. A coil of refrigerant and air handler serves as a single indoor unit, while a compressor-condenser combination make up the single outdoor unit. As air passes through the evaporator coil, it is cooled down, and afterwards distributed throughout a housing structure by means of ductwork. The ductless system departs from the traditional heat pump by utilizing many indoor units
all directed at one outdoor unit. Fans located in each evaporator unit are used to circulate cool air throughout the housing structure.
Because of their design, ductless mini-split heat pumps can also be used to regulate the temperature of only a certain area of a housing structure. Multiple thermostats can be utilized to gain control of each heat pump located at different parts of the housing structure. In this way, different temperature zones can exist in a single housing structure, allowing for increased energy efficiency.
Ductless mini-split heat pumps also offer unparalleled flexibility when it comes to equipment installation. Mini-split heat pumps can be oriented as ceiling suspending, floor standing, or wall hanging models. In order to install a mini-split heat pump, one has to simply drill a 3-inch hole in a wall, as compared to drilling much larger halls for traditional heat pumps or centralized air conditioners. However, mini-split heat pumps also require special care. Incorrect installation of the pumps can lead to faulty temperature control. The size of the pump should always be considered before installing it at a certain portion of the housing structure. The effective heating or cooling of a zone can only be fulfilled if the pump is big enough to handle a certain area. The only disadvantage of mini-split heat pumps is that it cannot facilitate heating mode under freezing conditions.
With prizes ranging from $500 to $1,000, ductless mini-split heat pumps are the next big thing in room temperature moderation and comfort. The prize varies according to the mini-split heat pump model, and the amount of space it can cover in a housing structure.
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